| I believe the
Himalayas were originally the seabeds of fresh volcanic material
which filled the original hole. The older stable shield areas around
them, collapsing back onto themselves to retain an equilibrium while
the sphere beneath them increased ( isostatic rebound: 'pt'
), pushed them upwards, buckling them up into the huge fold
mountain range.
This collapsing of the shields creates compressional
areas within overall extensional plates, as can be seen along the
fault lines of the Middle East and the Mediterranean.
Note: In conventional Plate-tectonics
it is believed that these compressional fault lines exist between
areas of the crust that have been moving towards each other, or
at the points where huge ancient seafloors existed, now long subsumed
back into the mantle by subduction. Traditionally, India is believed
to have collided with Asia. But again, this is partly based on the
reconstruction of the continents on a constant diameter. |